IN Engineering

In this method there are two mercury-in-glass thermometers. one thermometer is always covered with Muslin or wick. And one end of this thermometer is kept in a water containing vessel as shown in the figure.This thermometer is called wet bulb thermometer. other dry bulb thermometer  is kept near the  wet bulb thermometer as shown in the. Continuous evaporation of the water from the surface of wet bulb keep its temperature lower than that of dry bulb.  By using psychrometric table we can know the relative humidity of the atmosphere or any place where our device is placed. Temperature difference indicated by the two thermometer is the related to relative humidity of the ambient atmosphere. Note: The variant of this hygrometer is called sling psychrometer. It has a sling attached to it so that unit can be whirled manually before reading is taken.

Well, humidity and  moisture both are same but  when we measure the water vapour present in the air we used term  humidity.  And when we measure  water vapour present in/on any object  then we used term  moisture. There are so many methods to measure humidity and moisture. (1)wet and dry bulb hygrometer (2) hair hygrometer (3) Dunmore cell (4) pope cell etc.

Definition Oxidation reduction potential ( ORP ) instruments( redox potential instruments) are use  to monitor chemical reactions.  ORP  instruments measure the ability of a solution to act as an oxidizing agent, and to quantify ion activity.  Construction As shown in     figure, there is a two solution  separated by porous membranes. the function of porous membrane is isolate two solution physically but hydrogen ions can pass through this membrane for electrical current transfer. Two electrode are immersed in the solution as shown in the figure one is made of zinc and one is made of copper. One current metre is also connected between these two electrodes. This arrangement is called voltaic cell or galvanic cell. Working in the voltaic cell under consideration, zn dissolves into the solution as zn 2 + ions and liberate two electrons.  Liberated electrons travel along the external circuit to neutralize Cu 2 + ions at the Cu electrode.   Like t...

 The Nyquist Theorem, also known as the sampling theorem, is a principle that engineers follow in the digitization of analog signals. For analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) to result in a faithful reproduction of the signal, slices, called samples, of the analog waveform must be taken frequently. The number of samples per second is called the sampling rate or sampling frequency. Any analog signal consists of components at various frequencies. The simplest case is the sine wave, in which all the signal energy is concentrated at one frequency. In practice, analog signals usually have complex waveforms, with components at many frequencies. The highest frequency component in an analog signal determines the bandwidth of that signal. The higher the frequency, the greater the bandwidth, if all other factors are held constant. Suppose the highest frequency component, in hertz, for a given analog signal is fmax. According to the Nyquist Theorem, the sampling rate must be at least 2fmax, or ...

  What is ADC (Analog To Digital Converter)? ADC  stands for  analog to digital converter . It is an electronic device used for converting an  analog signal  into a  digital signal . Block diagram of  ADC Sample The  sample  block function is to sample the input analog signal at a specific time interval. The samples are taken in  continuous amplitude  & possess real value but they are  discrete  with respect to  time . The sampling frequency plays important role in the conversion. So it is maintained at a specific rate. The sampling rate is set according to the requirement of the system. Hold The second block used in ADC is the ‘ Hold’  block. It has no function. It only  holds  the sample amplitude until the next sample is taken. The hold value  remains  unchanged till the next sample. Quantize This block is used for  quantization . It converts the analog or continuous amplitude into...

ORG 0000H                                ;storing the program from 0000h location in ROM MOV R4,#05H                           ;load 05h in R5 AGAIN:                                       MOV DPTR,#9000H                 ;load 9000h in DPTR(initializing pointer) MOV R3,#05H                           ;load 05h in R3 BACK: MOVX A,@DPTR                   ;fetching data from XRAM MOV B,A                                  ;copy data of A to B INC DPTR             ...

ORG 0000H MOV A,#04H MOV P2,A END