What is conductivity? How it measure?

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 Conductivity

Conductivity is a ability of material (solid,liquid or gas) to pass electricity through it.

Conductivity measurement required for,


  1. Quality control of drinking or process water
  2. Quality control of boiler feed water
  3. Estimation of total number of iron in a solution

Conductivity of a solution depend upon the following factor.

  1. Concentration of the solution
  2. Mobility of  iron
  3. Valence of ions
  4. Temperature of the solution
The conductance of the solution can be expressed as the,

L=σA/d           

L=conductance
A=Area of the electrode
d=distance between two electrodes
σ=conductivity of the solution

The ratio d/a is called  cell constant)θ  and conductivity expresses

σ=θ L        


Unit of conductivity

Siemens/centimetre is the unit of the conductivity.

Conductivity cells

  1. Two pole type
  2. Four pole type


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